Real estate professionals have long known a secret that homeowners often overlook: architectural details matter. Not just aesthetically, though that matters too, but financially. The right classical details, properly executed, can add substantial value to a property, with some agents estimating that comprehensive authentic detailing can boost home values by $100,000 or more in upscale markets. Here are 15 classical elements that consistently command premiums.
1. Dentil Molding
Those small, tooth-like blocks running along cornices and door surrounds aren’t just decorative, they’re signals of quality. Derived from ancient Greek and Roman architecture, dentils (from the Latin “dens” for tooth) require precision in both design and execution. Well-proportioned dentils with consistent spacing announce that the builder paid attention to classical precedent.
2. Quoins
The large blocks or patterns that accent building corners, quoins originally reinforced masonry structures at their most vulnerable points. Today, whether executed in actual stone, stucco, or painted wood, they frame the building and suggest structural substance. The best examples feature alternating long and short blocks with slightly projecting faces.
3. Keystones
The wedge-shaped stone at the arch’s crown does more than complete the structural curve. Decorative keystones, often carved with faces, scrolls, or geometric patterns, draw the eye and mark the entrance with ceremony. Even modest keystones above flat-headed windows suggest architectural sophistication.
4. Pilasters
These flat columns applied to walls bring classical order to otherwise plain surfaces. Pilasters typically flank entrances, mark corners, or divide long facades into rhythmic bays. Like freestanding columns, they feature bases, shafts, and capitals in Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian style.
5. Engaged Columns
A step beyond pilasters, engaged columns are round columns attached to the wall, typically projecting half their diameter. Common flanking grand entrances, they provide more sculptural presence than pilasters while requiring less space than freestanding columns.
6. Corbels
These supporting brackets, projecting from walls to carry beams, mantels, or decorative elements, add three-dimensional interest. Classical corbels often feature carved acanthus leaves, scrolls, or geometric patterns. They appear beneath fireplace mantels, supporting bay windows, and carrying architectural elements.
7. Modillion Brackets
Larger than dentils, modillions are ornamental brackets that support the cornice’s corona. They typically feature scroll-shaped profiles and appear in Corinthian and Composite orders. Their rhythmic spacing creates bold shadows that define the roofline.
8. Egg-and-Dart Molding
This classical molding pattern alternates oval “eggs” with pointed “darts” in continuous rhythm. Used on cornices, mantels, and furniture, egg-and-dart announces classical vocabulary at smaller scales. The pattern requires skilled carving but rewards examination.
9. Rosettes
Circular flower-like ornaments, rosettes appear at the corners of door and window casings, at beam intersections, and as decorative accents. They soften right-angle joints while adding organic interest to geometric frameworks.
10. Coffered Ceilings
Recessed panels in ceilings, coffers originated in classical temples where they reduced dome weight while creating dramatic patterns. Modern coffered ceilings, whether in wood or plaster, add height, interest, and acoustic benefits to important rooms.
11. Medallions
Ceiling medallions, the ornamental circles surrounding light fixtures, frame illumination with classical order. From simple rings to elaborate compositions of acanthus and ribbon, medallions provide focal points that complete ceiling compositions.
12. Wainscoting
Raised-panel wainscoting on lower walls protects surfaces while adding architectural depth. Classical examples feature properly proportioned stiles, rails, and panels with molded edges. The wainscot height typically relates to the room’s overall proportions.
13. Classical Fireplace Surrounds
The mantelpiece remains a home’s ceremonial center, and classical surrounds with pilasters, cornices, and carved details command attention and value. The best examples follow period precedents with proper proportions and authentic details.
14. Pediments
Triangular or segmental pediments above windows and doors bring temple-front grandeur to residential scales. Whether complete or broken, these elements immediately elevate openings from ordinary to architectural.
15. Balustrades
Rows of turned balusters supporting railings on stairs, balconies, and rooflines add sculptural rhythm. Classical balusters feature distinctive profiles with swelling forms that catch light and shadow. The spacing and proportions matter as much as the individual shapes.
Quality Matters Most
These details only add value when executed properly. Thin, undersized, or poorly proportioned elements often detract from rather than enhance appearance. Authentic materials, skilled craftsmanship, and design knowledge distinguish valuable detailing from hollow imitation.
For homeowners investing in classical details, consulting with architects familiar with traditional vocabulary ensures that money spent translates into lasting value. The details that command premiums aren’t merely applied ornament; they’re evidence of quality, knowledge, and care that discriminating buyers recognize and reward.
