Craftsman House Styles
Craftsman houses emerged in the early 20th century. They originated from the Arts and Crafts movement. This style celebrates simple forms and natural materials.
Origins and History
The Arts and Crafts movement started in Britain. It was a response to the Industrial Revolution. Craftsmen wanted to return to handcrafted quality. This ethos traveled to America and influenced domestic architecture. Early examples appeared around 1905. They remained popular into the 1930s.
Architects like Gustav Stickley were key figures. They promoted the craftsman style through magazines and books. Stickley’s publication, The Craftsman, was highly influential. The style focused on function and authenticity.
Key Characteristics
Craftsman houses have several distinctive features. One of the most noticeable is their low-pitched roofs. These roofs often have wide eaves and exposed rafters. The homes’ fronts typically feature large porches with thick square or round columns.
Materials are another hallmark. Natural materials like wood and stone are common. These materials are often left in their natural state. This adds to the rustic, authentic appearance.
Interior Elements
Inside, craftsman homes emphasize simplicity and natural beauty. Built-in cabinetry is a common feature. These built-ins add functionality and eliminate the need for extra furniture. Fireplaces are often the focal point of the living room. Many feature stone or brick surrounds with wooden mantels.
Woodwork is also a key aspect. You will often see exposed beams and rich wood paneling. Many homes feature detailed trim and moldings. These elements are typically made from oak, maple, or poplar.
Bungalow Style
The bungalow is perhaps the most well-known craftsman house type. Bungalows are typically one or one and a half stories. They often have front porches that span the width of the house. Dormer windows are common, providing light to the upper rooms. The layout usually includes an open floor plan.
Bungalows gained popularity because they were affordable to build. They also offered a cozy, compact living space. Many were built as kit homes, ordered from catalogs. Sears, Roebuck and Company was a major supplier.
Four-Square Variation
The American Foursquare is another craftsman variant. This style is more boxy and less ornate. As the name suggests, these homes are generally square in shape. They usually feature two and a half stories. The roof is typically a simple, hipped design. The floor plan is straightforward, with four rooms on each floor.
Foursquares often include craftsman details. You might see wide eaves, exposed rafter tails, and a front porch. These elements lend a craftsman touch to the otherwise plain design.
Prairie Influence
The prairie style, popularized by Frank Lloyd Wright, also shares some craftman elements. These homes emphasize horizontal lines. Open floor plans are another shared feature. Prairie-style homes often have low-pitched roofs with broad eaves. However, they are generally more architectural and expansive compared to traditional craftsman homes.
Notable Examples
- The Gamble House in Pasadena, California
- The Charles R. Gates House in Montclair, New Jersey
- The Thorsen House in Berkeley, California
These homes showcase the hallmarks of craftsman design. They are celebrated for their detailed woodwork and use of natural materials.
Modern Adaptations
Contemporary builders and architects still draw inspiration from craftsman styles. Many new homes incorporate craftsman elements. These can range from detailed trim work to exposed beams. Modern interpretations often blend craftsman details with other architectural styles. These homes maintain the spirit of craftsmanship while meeting current needs and tastes.
Why They Endure
Craftsman houses remain popular for several reasons. Their focus on natural materials and quality construction appeals to many. The designs feel timeless and well-balanced. The emphasis on simplicity and function means they age gracefully. The style’s adaptability allows for both preservation and innovation.